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As of 2013, about 3,106 living and fossil termite species have been recognised, categorized in 12 households. The infraorder Isoptera is divided into the following clade and family groups, showing that the subfamilies in their respective classification:26

Termites are found on all continents except Antarctica. The diversity of termite species is reduced in North America and Europe (10 species known in Europe and 50 in North America), but is high in South America, where over 400 species are known.34 Of the 3,000 termite species currently categorized, 1,000 are found in Africa, where mounds are extremely abundant in certain regions.

Within China, termite species are limited to moderate tropical and subtropical lands south of the Yangtze River.34 In Australia, all ecological groups of termites (dampwood, drywood, subterranean) are endemic to the country, with over 360 categorized species.34.

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As a result of their soft cuticles, termites do not inhabit cold or cool habitats.36 There are three environmental groups of termites: dampwood, drywood and subterranean. Dampwood termites are found only in coniferous forests, and drywood termites are found in hardwood forests; subterranean termites live in widely diverse regions.34 One species in the drywood group is that the West Indian drywood termite (Cryptotermes brevis), which is an invasive species in Australia.37.

Termites are usually small, measuring between 4 to 15 millimetres (0.16 to 0.59 in) in length.34 The biggest of extant termites would be the queens of the species Macrotermes bellicosus, measuring up to over 10 centimetres (4 in) in length.38 Another giant termite, the extinct Gyatermes styriensis, thrived in Austria during the Miocene and had a wingspan of 76 millimetres (3.0 in) and a body length of 25 millimetres (0.98 in).39note 1.

Most worker and soldier termites are completely blind as they do not own a set of eyes. However, some species, such as Hodotermes mossambicus, haveCompound eyes that they use for orientation and to distinguish sunlight from moonlight.40 The alates (winged males and females) have eyes along with lateral ocelli.

Termite antennae have you could try these out a number of functions like the sensing of touch, taste, odours (including pheromones), heat and vibration. The three basic segments of a termite antenna include a scape, a pedicel (usually shorter than the scape), and the flagellum (all segments beyond the scape and pedicel). The mouth parts contain a maxillae, a labium, and a pair of mandibles.

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Consistent with insects, the anatomy of the termite thorax consists of three segments: the prothorax, the mesothorax and the metathorax. Each segment contains a pair of legs. On alates, the wings are at the mesothorax and metathorax. The mesothorax and metathorax have well-developed exoskeletal plates; the prothorax has smaller plates. .

Termites have a ten-segmented abdomen with two plates, the tergites and also the sternites. The tenth abdominal segment has a pair of short cerci.45 There are ten tergites, of which nine are wide and one is elongated. The reproductive organs are similar to people in cockroaches but are somewhat more simplified. By Visit Website way of example, the intromittent organ is not present in penile alates, and the sperm is immotile or aflagellate.

Unlike in other termites, Mastotermitidae females have an ovipositor, a characteristic strikingly like that in female cockroaches.48.

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The non-reproductive castes of termites are wingless and rely solely on their six legs for locomotion. The alates fly only for a brief amount of time, so they also rely on their legs. The appearance of the legs is similar in each and every caste, but the soldiers have larger and heavier legs.

The number of tibial spurs on an individual's leg fluctuates. Some species of termite have an arolium, found between the claws, which can be present in species which climb on smooth surfaces but is absent in many termites.49.

Unlike in ants, the hind-wings and fore-wings are of equal length.2 Most of the time, the alates are poor flyers; their technique would be to launch themselves in the atmosphere and fly in a random direction. Studies indicate that in comparison to bigger termites, smaller vases cannot fly long distances. When a termite is in flight, its wings remain in a right angle, and when the termite is at rest, its wings remain parallel to your own body.51.

Caste method of termites A King B Queen C Secondary queen D Tertiary queen Soccer Soldiers F Worker

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Worker termites undertake the most labor within the colony, being responsible for foraging, food storage, and brood and nest maintenance.53 Workers are tasked with the digestion of cellulose in meals and are thus the most likely caste to be found in infested timber. The process of worker termites feeding different nestmates is popularly known as trophallaxis.